When working out if people from different ethnic groups are stopped by police disproportionately, it really matters what population you compare the number of stops to. This paper by
@jerryratcliffe.net compares several good and bad options:
Police stops and naïve denominators
A comparison of the racial composition of police stops to the entire population of a city or jurisdiction is frequently cited as evidence of racial bias in proactive policework. This article argues that...
